Ribota įpėdinių atsakomybė už palikėjo skolas

LTStraipsnyje aptariamos ribotos įpėdinių atsakomybės už palikėjo skolas reglamentavimo Lietuvoje problemos, o būtent siekiama atsakyti į klausimus: Lietuvoje nustatytoji ribota įpėdinio atsakomybė už palikėjo skolas yra atsakomybė tik paveldėtu turtu ar paveldėto turto verte; ribota įpėdinio atsakomybė už palikėjo skolas yra solidari ar dalinė. Analizuojant šiuos klausimus pateikiamas palyginti Latvijos, Lenkijos, Estijos, Olandijos, Vokietijos, Anglijos, Ispanijos, Prancūzijos atitinkamos srities reguliavimas.

ENSuccession law is not a very popular subject among legal scientists in Lithuania. The authors of the article aim at initiating discussions among legal scientists as well as practicing lawyers regarding the questions of liability of the successors for the debts of succession. The systems of limited liability of the successors are analysed in this article. In case of limited liability of the successors liability pro viribus hereditatis prevails over liability cum viribus hereditatis in European countries. Liability cum viribus hereditatis requires identifying the property belonging to the succession, liquidating this property in order prescribed by law with the aim to satisfy the claims of the creditors of succession, establishing restrictions to the successor to dispose of the inherited property until the satisfaction of the claims of the creditors of succession. Liability pro viribus hereditatis requires only one thing – to identify the value of the succession, which determines the limits of the liability of the successor. The authors of the article also intend to answer the question what kind of liability system is in Lithuania: cum viribus hereditatis or pro viribus hereditatis. Lithuanian Civil Code regulates the liability of the successors very unclearly. The authors propose to interpret liability of the successors as pro viribus hereditatis in a general case (limited liability by the inventory) and as cum viribus hereditatis in case of administration. Nevertheless some doubts still remain. In order to answer the questions that arise anaylizing the norms of the Civil Code related to the liability of the successors without harm to the interests of the society and persons, it is necessary to cut the Gordian knot. This may only be done by the legislator by making amendments in the Civil Code.The regulation of Lithuanian succession law regarding the limited liability of the successors in case of plurality of successors is also analyzed in the article. Authors also present the critical view on Lithuanian Supreme Court practice on this issue. In the authors‘ opinion the regulation should be interpreted as imposing partial liability of the successors.