Hieronim hrabia Stroynowski: prawnik, ekonomista, fizjokrata (1752-1815)

LTKnygoje aprašoma svarbaus lenkų teisininko ir ekonomisto Jeronimo Stroinovskio (Hieronim Stroynowski) veikla ir idėjos. J. Stroinovskis buvo vienas reikšmingiausių ekonomikos ir fiziokratizmo doktrinos atstovų XVIII a. Lenkijoje. Vilniaus akademijos Nacionalinės švietimo komisijos sprendimu 1780 m. J. Stroinovskis buvo paskirtas prigimtinės teisės ir politinės ekonomikos profesoriumi. 1799 m. jis tapo Vilniaus akademijos, vadintos Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštijos vyriausiąja mokykla, rektoriumi. Tuo metu jis taip pat buvo Edukacinės komisijos narys ir pirmininkavo Lietuvos Aukščiausiajame Teisme. J. Stroinovskis aktyviai dalyvavo Didžiojo Seimo (1790–1792 m.) veikloje. Jis prisidėjo prie Gegužės trečiosios Konstitucijos parengimo, 1803 m. dalyvavo rengiant Vilniaus universiteto statutą ir iki 1806 m. ėjo šio universiteto rektoriaus pareigas. J. Stroinovskio pastangos kelti akademinius standartus universitete paskatino jį išplėsti universiteto personalą dėstytojais iš Vakarų Europos. Tuo metu J. Stroinovskis taip pat dalyvavo XIX a. pradžioje caro Aleksandro Pirmojo pradėtoje Rusijos švietimo sistemos reformoje ir sugebėjo perkelti Lenkijos Edukacinės komisijos sukauptą patirtį į Rusijos žemes. J. Stroinovskis skatino ekonominį ir politinį liberalizmą, palaikė fiziokratizmo idėjas ir šioje srityje buvo svarbiausias Lenkijos teoretikas. Svarbiausias J. Stroinovskio veikalas – Traktatas apie prigimtinę ir politinę teisę, ekonomiką ir tautų teisę – buvo pirmą kartą parengtas ir išleistas Vilniuje.

ENHieronim Stroynowski was an important Polish lawyer and economist. He was a prominent representative of the economic, physiocratic thought in Poland in the 18-th century. Stroynowski was born in Chodaczkow, a small village near the city of Tarnopol (20.09.1752) in Ukraine. He started his education in the Piarist Congregation at the College in Zloczow. Next he studied in Podoliniec and Rzeszow. In 1768 he entered the Piarist Congregation. In 1774 Stroynowski started working as a teacher in famous Stanislaw Konarski's College Collegium Nobilium in Warsaw. He lectured logic, geometry, ethics and law until 1781. In 1776 he was ordained a priest. In 1780 Stroynowski was appointed a professor of natural law and political economy by the National Education Commission at the Academy in Vilnius. After further studies at Cracow Academy he was awarded in 1783 the degrees of a doctor of theology and a doctor of both civil and canon laws. While visiting Italy in 1787-1788 he was elected to a membership in the academies of science in Florence and in Rome. In 1790 he was released from his Piarist vows and accepted incardination as a diocesan priest into the diocese of Vilnius. Stroynowski was still working as a university professor. In 1799 he became a rector of Academy in Vilnius called The Principal School of Lithuania. At that time he was also a member of the Educational Commission (1793), presided over the Supreme Court of Lithuania and held the office of a councillor in the Cathedral Chapter in Vilnius. Stroynowski took an active part in legislative work of the Great Seym (1790-1792).He contributed to making the famous Polish Constitution - The Third of May Constitution. He also prepared a project of the law for this Constitution, so called "Courts of the Seym" as well as projects for a new civil and criminal law code named later - Stanislaw August's Code. Hieronim Stroynowski contributed much to the reorganization of the Principal School of Lithuania into the University of Vilnius. In 1803 he prepared the Statute of a new university. He held the office of its rector until 1806. His efforts to raise the academic standard of the university led him to straightening the teaching staff with new infusions from Western Europe. At this time Stroynowski was involved in work at the great reform of Russian educational system introduced at the beginning of the 19-th century by tsar Alexander the First. Stroynowski managed to introduce the patterns and experiences of the Polish Educational Commission at the Russian ground. Stroynowski himself favored economic and political liberalism. He ardently supported physiocratism and was its foremost theoretician in Poland. His principal work called -Treatise on natural and political laws, economy and the law of nations was edited in 1785 in Vilnius for the first time. His treatise was edited several times and was widely used in the Polish and Russian schools until the 20s of the 19th century - in 1806 Hieronim Stroynowski was consecrated a suffragan bishop of Luck in Volynia, but he lived in the Russian capital city Sankt-Petersburg as a member of a very important institution […].

• Politikos mokslai / Political sciences
• Istorija / History