Karo padėtis Lietuvos geležinkelių zonoje 1919-1924 metais

LTStraipsnyje, remiantis archyvine medžiaga, aptariama karo padėtis Lietuvos geležinkelių zonoje 1919-1924 metais. Aiškinamas šios nepaprastosios priemonės pobūdis, gilinamasi į administravimo struktūrą ir priežastis. Apžvelgiamos svarbiausios karinės geležinkelių administracijos grandies - stočių ir ruožų karo komendantūrų - funkcijos, kasdienės veiklos ypatumai. Taip pat atskleidžiama karo padėties įtaka geležinkelių zonos gyventojams, tarnautojams, darbininkams.

ENThis paper reviews the process of implementing and maintaining the military rule in the Lithuanian railway zone in 1919-1924. The main cause of the establishment of martial law, or the "state of war," in the railway zone was the necessity to safeguard the railway facilities and to ensure the effective functioning of the railway system under constant threat to Lithuania's independence. The main segment of the military administration of the railway zone consisted of military commandants of railway stations, whom the Regulations of the Special State Defence granted almost unlimited authority and a wide range of means of executing it. The principal functions of the military commandants of railway stations and their subordinates were to guard the railway material facilities, maintain order, carry out passport control, and persecute deserters, spies, and smugglers.The every day life of the population in the railway zone was stringent because of the strict order of the martial law. In 1919-1921, railwaymen were militarized. The militarization of the railway system ensured the effective control of railwaymen and partly resolved their social problems.