Klasicizmas ir XVIII a. pabaigos - XIX a. pradžios Vilniaus teatrinė kultūra

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama profesionalaus ir nuolat veikiančio teatro istorijos pradžia Lietuvoje. Ji siejama su Vojciechu Boguslavskiu, 1785-1790 m. Vilniuje subūrusiu nuolat veikiančią trupę. Estetines šio laikotarpio teatro nuostatas daugiausia veikė Apšvietos idėjos, o teatro repertuare bei rodomų spektaklių vaizdiniuose pavidaluose buvo gausu klasicizmo principus atitinkančių nuostatų. Teatro dekoracijas kūrė Antanas Smuglevičius, Jonas Rustemas, vėliau-jo mokiniai, Vilniaus universiteto auklėtiniai, tačiau teatre klasicizmas nuo pat XIX pradžios buvo neatsiejamai susijęs su romantinėmis nuostatomis. Išsamiai aptariami ir XIX a. pradžios parateatrinių renginių klasicistinio teatro elementai, būdingi šio laikotarpio miestietiškai Vilniaus kultūrai.

ENThe history of professional theatre constantly active in Lithuania is related to Wojcech Bogusawski who founded a permanent troupe in Vilnius, 1785, and led it until 1790. Later other culturally committed people led the actors who stayed in Vilnius. Aesthetic premises of the theatrical culture at the end of the 18lh- beginning of the 19lh century were mostly affected by the Enlightenment, and there were many ideas based on neoclassical principles in terms of the visual expression of the performances in the theatre repertoire. Antanas Smuglevičius, Jonas Rustemas and their pupils - students of Vilnius University - designed decorations for the theatre. However, in theatre, neolassicism appeared merged with Romanticist ideas from the very beginning of the 19th century, and it is difficult to find it in its pure form. The elements of neoclassicist theatrical culture abound in paratheatrical events at the beginning of the 19rh century, which were characteristic to Vilnius urban culture during the period: projects for state celebrations, amateur performances organised for charity, smaller events in private domestic life and culture, tableaux vivants and masquerades. The features of Neoclassicism were different in such events: neoclassical characteristics were more prominent and consistent in the setting of official state celebrations, and they were mingled with Romanticist forms or those related to Biedermeier culture in amateur shows.