Pragmatiškieji muziejų vizijos aspektai

LTStraipsnyje aptariami muziejų vadybos aspektai, aktualūs šių dienų muziejininkystei. Stengiamasi atskleisti muziejų veiklą bei jos sėkmę lemiančius veiksnius bei galimas muziejų veiklos strategijas. Raktažodžiai: muziejus, valstybė, politika, struktūra, įvaizdis, programa, kolekcija, paslaugos, motyvacija, aplinka, struktūra, personalas, architekai.

ENThe article provides an analysis of the museum manage ment aspects which are of general concern to the pre sent-day museology. An attempt iš made to feature the activities of museums and the factors influencing their success as well as potential strategies. The analysis of museum activities is divided into separate sub-themes: outer environment, a museum collection, program, structure, museum Professionals and a museum as a physical space. The outer museum environment includes two ma jor factors: limitations and possibilities. The limitations are discussed through a prism of the state cultural policy, its impact on the museum activities in different coun tries. The possibilities embrace three major sphères: pro spective visitors from the groups of various interests, po tential non-state sponsors, foundations or persons, direct and indirect competitors. The review of the historical de velopment of museums accentuates new aspects in a museum's role - from passive, oriented to a collection, in the direction of the active, oriented to visitors, education and information. The second part of the article is concerned with the changes in museum structure, i.e the "flattening" of the management machinery, the flexibility of work positions and posts, a continuous improvement of the museum pro fessionals' qualifications and the promotion of personal motivation, initiative and responsibility. The article brief ly addresses the physical spaces of a museum such as architecture, design of expositions and their effect on the visitor. The article concludes with the sociological investi gations into the Vilnius museums and their common ten dencies. Thèse investigations were carried out in 2001 by the students of the UNESCO Chair of Cultural Manage ment and Cultural Policy at the Vilnius Academy of Arts.