Politinio teatro apraiškos Europoje ir Lietuvoje XX amžiuje

LTMoksliškai nereglamentuota politinio teatro sąvoka XX a. teatre skleidžiasi kaip režisūros individualybių santykis su realybe, bandantis aktyviai paveikti žiūrovo sąmoningumą. Įvairiose Vakarų Europos šalyse politinio teatro variantai atspindėjo tiek individo, tiek tautos, tiek esamos santvarkos, meninio lygio ar visuomenės santykių specifiką. Lietuvoje ir kitose buvusiose sovietinėse šalyse politinis teatras turėjo lemiamos įtakos šiuolaikinei teatro minčiai ir veidui. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Politinis teatras; Režisūra; Aktualmas; Provokacija; Political theatre; Theatre directing; Actuality; Provocation.

ENThe article discusses the features and versions of the political theatre in 20th-century European theatre. The term ’political theatre’, although not officially accepted in theatre studies, is understood and defined here as a directorial form of similar thinking and goals proposed to oneself, seeking active dialogue between the stage and the perceiver, stimulating and provoking the spectator to look at himself and the surrounding environment from different perspectives - critically, analytically, tendentiously, philosophically, psychologically, from a distance, etc. The article discusses the transformations of political theatre in European theatre: from Erwin Piscator and Bertolt Brecht to Ariane Mnouchkine, from Julian Beck and Judith Malina to Joseph Szajna and Yuri Lyubimov. It also overviews the manifestations of political theatre on the Lithuanian stage and analyses the preconditions for its development and specific existence starting with the secret Lithuanian evenings and the phenomenon of Antanas Sutkus’ "Vilkolakis" (Werewolf) theatre up to the works by Jonas Jurašas, Povilas Gaidys and Jonas Vaitkus between the 1960s and ’80s. [From the publication]