Architektūrinis peizažas tarpukario Vilniaus grafikoje

ENThe aim of this article to show to reader the graphic creation in between World Wars period of Vilnius’ artists. Very rich materials in Poland and in the Lithuanian museums on this theme induced the author to investigate this situation. After the occupation of Vilnius district by Polish army began a new period of art. Many of the Lithuanians went to Kaunas and other towns. Art in Vilnius developed various artists of local origin, newcomers from Poland. The creation activity of Vilnius district’s artists became isolated from Lithuania and developed as a separate school of Poland’s region. The education of graphic art was cultivated in influence of art centers of Vilnius. The enomious strengths were concentrated in re-activated Steponas Batoras’ University. In one of its departments at the beginning of the first year of its activity the artistic graphic and decorative art workshop was opened. The first heads of workshop were the artists from Poland - J. Čaikovskis, V. Jastšembovskis, M. Kotarbinskis, St. Matusiakas and tutors of book design, B. Lenartas - all of them formed virtually the Vilnius’ graphic image of the second-third decennia. The graphic branch of art really flourished leading the workshop by Jurgis Hopenas. This artist is the main figure of so called “Between World Wars period of Vilnius’ graphic school”. Through his leading (1931-1939) especially flourished the city theme in graphic art.The graphic art of the second and fourth decennia widened the Vilnius’ iconographic studies, experienced strong influence of Vilnius’ art tradition, inherited the main educational principles of this subject, originaly prolonged the old Vilnius University’s and with it closely connected the end of 18th - begin of the 19th c. Vilnius Art School’s line. Creating Vilnius’ landscape the artists looked at the experience of the oldest engravings, panoramas of the cities, landscapes of epoch of Romanticism. The graphic art of this time was influenced by Vilnius’ Painting, especially the creation of L. Sledzinskis and B. Jamontas. The most artistic works on Vilnius theme were created by senior generation’s artists J. Hopenas, M. Riauba, also painter B. Jamontas. The unique beauty of vanishing Vilnius was fixed by the young artists - L. Dobužinskis, K. Čiurila, E. Kučinskis, M. Sievukas, L. Kosmulskis, K. Vrublevska, S. Žukovskis, V. Drėma, also by Jewish artists - B. Michtom, R. Maijampolska, R. Suckever, E Liov - they fixed the life of Jewish small streets and little corners of Vilnius. The heritage of between World Wars period is very important for history of graphic art of Vilnius. The artists of Vilnius continued the art tradition, so we also can look to Vilnius by eyes of artists of those times.