Lietuvos mokyklos sovietizacija ir priešinimasis jai (1940-1941 m.)

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjami šie klausimai: 1) pagrindinė Lietuvos mokyklos sovietizacijos kryptis, 2) neigiamo požiūrio į tautos praeitį diegimas ir naujo režimo garbinimas, 3) mokytojų administravimas ir represijos, 4) priešinimosi sovietizacijai formos. [p. 107].

ENAfter the occupation of Lithuania in 1940 and its incorporation within the USSR, radical reforms were carried out, which stroke a painful blow to teachers and pupils. Lithuanian schools were rearranged in accordance with the principles of the Soviet schools. Books about the USSR and the Communist party filled the libraries, national symbols had been replaced by Soviet ones and so were the curricula and teaching programmes. Traditional subjects, such as religion, basic philosophy and Latin, were excluded of the programmes. New ones, namely the Russian language, the Soviet Constitution, the history of the USSR were introduced instead, all private schools were closed down, the activities of youth organisations were terminated, except for the Comsomol and pioneer organisations. Instead of religious and national state holidays, new Soviet holidays were introduced. The NKVD and NKGB used to interfere in school life. The teachers were administered and subjected to repression. In 1940-1941 a passive resistance could be traced in Lithuanian shools. The main forms of this struggle were expressed in celebrating forbidden holidays the day for commemorating the dead (Vėlinės; on November 2), the 16th of February (the day of the proclamation of independence of Lithuania) -provoking incidents during the Soviet holidays, singing the forbidden Lithuanian national anthem, tearing off the pictures of the communist party leaders, publishing and distributing anti-Soviet leaflets, teaching religion. Thus Lithuanian teachers, pupils and their parents resisted Soviet novelties which were introduced in Lithuanian schools.