Lietuvių kalbos ypatybės turėtojų pavadinimų au afiksu *-io- darybos raida

LT§1. Be ankščiau aptartų vedinių su *-ko- (aut. 1996), lietuvių kalbos ypatybės turėtojų pavadinimai (nomina attributiva, toliau - NAtt) daromi ir iš būdvardinių afriksų *-io-, *-no-, *-en-, *-lo-, *-to-, *uo-, *-isko-, *-mo- kilusiomis priesagomis bei darybos galūnėmis. Šiame straipsnyje aptarsime vedinius su afiksu *-io-.

ENThe adjective affix -io- was introduced into the derivative category of nomina attributiva a long time ago, maybe when the Baltic, Slavic and Germanic languages had not yet been separated from the northern dialect of Indo-European, cf. Lith. bėris, Latv. beris "bey horse", Serb.-Croat. mlâħ "new moon", Goth. hairdeis "shepherd". The compound suffix *-itio (< *-ito- + *-io-) has equivalents in the Baltic, Slavic and Germanic languages as well, cf. Lith. vokytis, Latv. vacitis "German", South Slav.bratit ь "brother's son", OHG jungidi "cub". The suffix *-itio- has the apophonic variants *eit-io-, *-oit-io- in the Baltic languages, cf. Lith. vokytis and vokietis, Latv. vacitis and vacietis "German", Lith. giminaitis and giminietis, Lith. savaitis and Latv. savietis "relative". Earlier the suffix *-e-io having equivalents in the Baltic, Slavic, maybe Messapic languages (cf.Lith. medėjas "hunter", South Slav. brzejь "a quicke stream of a river“", Massap. polaidehias) was used to for nomina attributiva and later came into the derivative category of nomina agentis. In Lithuanian and Latvian there are some nomina attributiva with the another related suffix *-a-io-, cf. Lith. vasarojas and Latv. vasarajs "summer-corn". In Latvian dialects the suffixes *-a-io-, *-e-io are still used to form not only nomina attributiva but also adjectives (cf. miglajs "misty", galejs "last") which completely disappeared in Lithuanian. Lithuanian nomina attributiva with the other suffixes originated from *-io- (cf. -ijas, -otis, -uotis, -ėtis a.o.) and with the derivative flexion -ius(-ė) have no equivalents in related languages.