Tipologinė Alytaus regiono kultūros paveldo įvairovė

LTIš praeities mūsų dienas pasiekę kultūriniai kraštovaizdžiai, paveldo vietovės ir pavieniai objektai yra svarbūs regiono kultūrinio identiteto signifikantai. Straipsnyje aptariama Alytaus apskrities teritorijoje esančių kultūros paveldo objektų tipologinė įvairovė: nuo tūkstantmečius skaičiuojančių akmens amžiaus gyvenviečių iki prieš kelis dešimtmečius sukurtų monumentaliosios dailės kūrinių. Žvelgiant statistiškai, Dzūkijoje mažai dvarų sodybų, bet gausu archeologinių vietų, etnografinių kaimų. Analizuojama, kaip valstybinėje apskaitoje esantys kultūros objektai reprezentuoja regiono tapatybę, ar pakankamai išnaudojamas jų potencialas. Raktažodžiai: Dzūkija, Alytus, kultūros paveldas, identitetas.

ENOne of the most important components of the cultural identity of the region is the movable cultural heritage that was created throughout centuries and preserved until nowadays. It can be better known by studying the objects of the cultural heritage that are officially included in the Register of Cultural Valuables. According to the data of 2022, the Register includes 1868 cultural valuables located in the territory of Alytus: 1263 immovable valuables (about 5,5 % of the total number of registered immovable Lithuanian valuables) and 605 movable cultural valuables (about 6,7 % from the total number of registered movable Lithuanian valuables). The biggest part of all registered movable and immovable cultural valuables can be found in Varėna district, while the smallest part is in Alytus City. In general, the article discusses the typological variety of the objects of the cultural heritage of Alytus County. It presents the characteristics of the archaeological and mythological objects of the regional heritage and discusses the urban development of historical towns, types and specifics of the ethnographic villages of Dzūkija, and objects of the heritage of wooden cross-carving art. The sacral architecture and art constitute a significant segment of the regional identity.The churches look like treasure houses, accumulating numerous works of visual and applied art created by professional artists, folk artists and trained local craftsmen. The article also discusses the engineering, historical and memorial heritage of the regional architecture, and presents the most prominent objects of these typological groups. The objects of the cultural heritage included into the Register present a rather exact reflection of the historical development and cultural identity of the region. However, the Register could still be supplemented by the objects of the archaeological, sacral and architectural heritage, as it is not possible to include everything in the lists and regulate them. Therefore, it is important for local communities to take a more active part in the preservation of the objects that are not included in the Register. Obviously, more attention should be paid to education, dissemination and popularization of the cultural heritage, using the potential of the objects of the cultural heritage while maintaining and developing the identity of the region.