Paliatyviosios pagalbos paslaugų organizavimas asmens namuose pacientų artimųjų požiūriu

LTDemografiniai pokyčiai, susiję su visuomenės senėjimu, bei epidemiologiniais pokyčiais, dėl kurių didėja žmonių susirgimų skaičius, reikalauja naujo požiūrio į tokios visuomenės dalies sveikatos priežiūrą. Šalių vyriausybės, rengdamos sveikatos priežiūros strateginius planus, ypač turėtų atkreipti dėmesį į tai, kad senyvo amžiaus asmenims, bei asmenims, kurie serga lėtinėmis ligomis, turėtų būti užtikrintas įvairiapusės sveikatos priežiūros bei psichologinių ir socialinių paslaugų teikimas. Taip būtų užtikrintas paslaugų, kai asmuo yra slaugomas namuose, slaugos, paliatyviųjų paslaugų, psichologinių ir kitų paslaugų teikimas (Kudukytė-Gasprė, Štaras, 2015). Esminiai žodžiai: paliatyvioji pagalba, slauga namuose, paliatyvių pacientų artimieji.

ENOver the past few decades, changes in demographic and morbidity indicators and the shift in causes of death from acute to chronic diseases have lead to an ever-increasing need for nursing and care at home. For this reason, palliative care at home has been increasingly promoted in recent years. In Lithuania, legislation on palliative care was passed in 2007 and the funding was planned for 2008. Palliative care at home is especially useful for patients suffering from progressive incurable diseases and who are diagnosed with life-limiting diseases of the body characterized by a high risk of mortality (Šeškevičius, 2015). The aim of the study is to analyse the organisation of palliative care services in a person's home environment from the perspective of patients' relatives. The study found that the availability of palliative services is insufficient, as the services only start within a month after submitting the application. The key nursing interventions when providing palliative care services in the patient's home are to relieve the patient's pain, prevent bedsores, increase family involvement in patient’s care and provide as much knowledge as possible about the care of palliative care patients. Equally important is the psychological, spiritual, social, and physical support. It has been recognised that it is important for patients' relatives to receive high-quality palliative care services provided by an interdisciplinary team at home, ensuring complex and versatile support, timely and appropriate provision of information, and strengthen the organisation of spiritual support. The research results obtained can be practically (significantly) applied in improving the organization of palliative care services at the patient's home, improving complex and multifaceted support, timely and appropriate provisions of information, and strengthen the organization of spiritual support. Keywords: palliative care, home care, relatives of palliati.