Vairuotojų darbo ir poilsio laiko reglamentavimo pokyčiai įsigaliojus mobilumo paketui

LTStraipsnyje analizuojamas vairuotojų darbo ir poilsio laiko reglamentavimas, taip pat pateikiami vairuotojų darbo ir poilsio laiko reglamentų esminiai pakeitimai. Taipogi grafiškai susisteminti ir apibendrinti tyrimo rezultatai bei pateikiamos išvados. Reikšminiai žodžiai: vairuotojų darbo ir poilsio laikas, mobilumo paketas.

ENThe objective of this article is to assess drivers‘ attitudes towards the changes in rest and work regulations after the Mobility Package has come into force. Compliance with drivers‘ work and rest times is a crucial phenomenon that determines the efficiency of transport operations and helps prevent accidents. In order to improve drivers‘ working conditions, including work and rest periods, the Mobility Package was adopted in July 2020, which mainly focuses on this issue. The European Parliament, after finding that the Labour Code and the AETR agreement were not enough for the countries of the European Union, decided and approved the Mobility Package, which further tightened the working and the rest times of the drivers, causing a big headache for the companies because of the costs increased, and the drivers because they had to adapt to new and more rigorous system of work and rest times. Normal weekly rest periods and any weekly rest periods in excess of 45 hours to compensate for previous periods of reduced weekly rest periods may not be used in a vehicle. They must be accommodated in gender-appropriate accommodation with adequate sleeping and sanitary facilities. The employer bears all costs for accommodation outside the vehicle. Under the same conditions, a driver may exceed the daily and weekly driving time by a maximum of two hours, provided that an uninterrupted break of at least 30 minutes was taken immediately before the additional driving to reach the employer's centre of operations or the driver's place of residence, where the driver could take his weekly rest period. The survey was conducted using an online questionnaire survey from March 1 to March 25 and there were a total of 11 survey questions. Respondents work in international transport of various types of goods. The main questions of the survey focused on the respondents‘ age and length of driving experience as well as their opinion on the new Mobility Package provisions.There were 31 respondents in total. It can be seen that the majority of respondents are between 40 and 50 years old. When analysing the years of experience, the two largest proportions are drivers with 5 to 10 years of experience and those with 10 to 15 years of experience. The results show that 56% of respondents rate longer travel times to get to their company‘s base or their residence as positive. However, a significant proportion, 39%, see it as a bad change. As many as 55% of the respondents expressed a negative opinion about a ban on weekly rest periods inside a car cabin . But 41% view this change positively. The figure also shows that returning to the company's operations centre or the driver's place of residence is viewed positively by up to 53% of respondents. But 43% rated this change negatively. Finally, the fact that the tractor has to be returned to the job site from the operation centres every 8 weeks is perceived as a negative change by 51% of drivers. However, 43% see it as a positive change. Overall, the survey data suggest that the new laws on work and rest times have brought about both positive and negative changes. From the driver's point of view, however, the changes to working and rest times after the introduction of the Mobility Package are more beneficial to them. Keywords: drivers‘ work and rest time, mobility package.