Ignalinos atominės elektrinės teritorijos žvalgomieji tyrinėjimai

LT2006 m. birželio mėnesį pagal LAD pasirašytą sutartį su UAB „Urbanistika“ buvo vykdomi žvalgomieji archeologiniai tyrimai VĮ „Ignalinos atominės elektrinės“ (toliau IAE) teritorijoje, sklype 1 (Visagino sav.). Žvalgomųjų tyrimų tikslas – nustatyti, ar atominės elektrinės teritorijos sklype 1 yra išlikusių kultūros vertybių bei įtraukti jas į rengiamą IAE sklypo 1 detalųjį planą. Tyrinėto sklypo dydis – apie 900 ha. Tyrimus geranoriškai sutiko finansuoti IAE direkcija. Žvalgomųjų archeologinių tyrimų metu IAE sklypo 1 teritorijoje ištirta 90 įvairaus dydžio šurfų bei 5,5 x 1,5 m dydžio perkasa, t. y. iš viso apie 105 m2 dydžio plotas. Žvalgomųjų tyrimų metu nustatyta, kad IAE sklypo teritorijoje yra išlikę 8 tarpusavyje nesusiję plotai su archeologiškai vertingais sluoksniais ir radiniais. Visi jie identifikuoti kaip archeologijos vertybės; individualūs vardai suteikti pagal anksčiau čia buvusių kaimų pavadinimus [p. 455].

ENIn 2006 an evaluation of the territory of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (Visaginas Mun.) was made for perhaps the first time. During this evaluation 8 new archaeological sites were discovered: a hill fort site, 6 ancient settlements, and a manor site (homestead site). The majority of these newly found sites are located along the shore of Lake Drūkšiai. Isolated flint, stone, and pottery finds, which have been preliminarily dated to the Stone – Iron Age (7th millennium BC – 1st millennium AD) were discovered at ancient Petriškė settlement 1, which is located on the low damp lake terrace. Ancient Petriškė settlements 2 and 3 are located on higher terraces, on which were discovered hand built pot sherds with smooth and stroked surfaces as well as partially thrown and thrown pottery sherds. Both settlements have been preliminarily dated to the Late Bronze Age – Old (Roman) Iron Age. Petriškė hill fort was built on a large separate hill overlooking the shore of Lake Drūkšiai and was protected on the S by swampy lowland. The destruction of the hill fort site is nearing completion: a large part of the flat summit has been washed away by the lake and in the remaining part, a bulldozer is scraping away the surface in order to create an approach road. Hand built stroked pottery and isolated fragments of cremated bones were discovered at the hill fort site. The finds have been preliminarily dated to the Late Bronze Age – Early Iron Age. 3 ancient settlements were identified on Grikiniškė peninsula, which has impressive natural beauty. Ancient Grikiniškė settlements 1 and 2 were identified on a sandy ridge on the shore of the S part of the peninsula.A dense cultural layer up to 0.5 m thick with an abundance of flint, pottery, and bone finds, which have been preliminarily dated to two different periods: the Mesolithic – Neolithic period (8th–3rd millennium BC) and the late Bronze Age – early Iron Age (7th–1st century BC) were discovered here during the evaluation. The finds from the latter period should be ascribed to the Stroked Pottery culture. Ancient Grikiniðkë settlement 3 was located on the peninsula’s N head. It was created in a flat area on a high sandy terrace that slopes down towards the lake. A dense cultural layer up to 0.5 m thick with abundant flint and bone finds, which have been preliminarily dated to the Mesolithic – early Neolithic period (8th–4th millennium BC), were discovered during the evaluation. Stabatiškė manor site (homestead site) is located more remotely from Lake Drūkšiai in the central part of the territory of the Ignalina NPP. A dense cultural layer up to 0.3–0.5 m thick with construction waste, ceramic, glass, isolated metal, and bone finds, which have been preliminarily dated to the 16th – mid-20th century, were discovered during the evaluation in the territory of the manor site. The remains of 2 buildings were identified. This field evaluation shows that even in such an intensely urbanised area, the surface of which has been completely destroyed by various construction and other earthwork, it is possible to with the help of proper research methods to discover many new archaeological sites.