Žvalgymai "Rail Baltica" geležinkelio linijos privažiuojamųjų kelių vietose Jonavos rajone

LT2022 m. AB „Eurovia Lietuva“ vykdė projekto „Rail Baltica“ vietinės reikšmės geležinkelio priežiūros ir privažiavimo kelių ruože Šveicarija-Žeimiai (Jonavos r., Kulvos, Šveicarijos ir Žeimių sen.) privažiuojamųjų kelių įrengimo darbus [p. 445].

ENDuring the 2022 construction by Eurovia Lietuva, AB, of access roads in the Šveicarija - Žeimiai section (Jonava District, central Lithuania) of the Rail Baltica project, archaeological surveys were conducted during the mechanical removal of the topsoil throughout the construction area (14 planned access roads totalling 33.49 ha and 16.5 km). These sites were mostly cultivated fields, but also included wooded and marshy areas. All visible features up to 16 m2 with no apparent natural origin were evaluated as potential archaeological features and excavated if necessary. In all, 181 features were found and evaluated, being then divided into natural (57), anthropogenic non-archaeological (37), and archaeological (87). The natural features included various objects of plant origin as well as fragments of unploughed soil. The anthropogenic non-archaeological ones consisted of features associated with human activity, but dating to the non-archaeological period based on the finds or with no indications of being archaeological, namely: hearths, postholes, rubbish pits, and various utility pits. 55 of the archaeological features contained no archaeological finds, 32 yielded a total of 329 finds: 247 sherds of household pottery, 21 slag fragments, 16 metal artefacts, two stone finds, and 42 daub fragments. An archaeobotanical analysis was conducted on 44 of the 59 soil samples taken from discovered structures.AMS dates were generated for 14 sites, the rest being dated on the basis of their finds or the dating of nearby features: 4 to the 8th-6th centuries be, 1 to the 8th-10th centuries, 1 to the 9th-12th centuries, 19 to the 8th-11th centuries, 4 to the 8th-13th centuries, 41 to the mid-14th-18th centuries, and 2 to the late 15th-17th centuries. Based on the investigation results, two sites were demarcated: 8th-13th-century Martyniškis unenclosed settlement (12.64 ha) and 14th - mid-15th-century Vešeikiai unenclosed settlement (33.67 ha) and recommended forinclusion in the Register of Cultural Heritage.