Tyrinėjimai Kurpių g. 3

LT2007–2008 m. vykdyti archeologiniai žvalgomieji tyrinėjimai ir archeologiniai tyrinėjimai sklype Kurpių g. 3, kuris patenka į laipėdos senamiesčio teritoriją (NVR unikalus kodas 27008). klypą sudaro dviejų pastatų su kiemeliais kompleksas. Vienas jų yra sklypo ŠV dalyje prie Kalvių gatvės, kitas – tarp mažojo ir didžiojo pastato. Kadangi planuojama pastatų ir kiemelio rekonstrukcija, reikėjo atlikti archeologinius tyrinėjimus. Šiuo etapu siekta ištirti didžiojo pastato vidų bei išorę, nes bus vykdomi pastato pamatų tvirtinimo ir pusrūsių gilinimo darbai. Ateityje archeologiniai tyrinėjimai bus tęsiami mažajame pastate ir kiemelyje. Sklypas yra dabartinio senamiesčio ŠV dalyje ir užima tris ketvirtadalius istoriškai susiformavusio kvartalo, kurio PV dalis neužstatyta. Kvartalas ribojasi su Kalvių, Mėsininkų, Pasiuntinių ir Kurpių gatvėmis, jis dabar yra apie 49x13 m dydžio. Pastatų ir kiemelio komplekso ilgis yra apie 37 m, plotis – 13 m. [...] [p. 341-342].

ENDuring 2007–2008 an evaluation was conducted in the basement of the large building at Kurpių st. 3 and beside it. The plot lies inside the territory of laipėda old town. 166 m2 was excavated during the evaluation. n the basis of the excavation, a preliminary analysis of the finds, and dendrochronological tests, we can survey in general terms the development of the part of the quarter at Kurpių st. 3. The territory, prior to the formation of the plots, was damp and marshy. A frame construction residential home built around 1542 is ascribable to the first development. It was about 8 m long alongside along urpių street but unfortunately, the length of the W wall could not be determined because the building projected out into the street and no investigation could be conducted in the room closest to the street. Somewhat later, in around 1554 a frame construction outbuilding was built next to or attached to the building. Its purpose is unknown but it could have been a storeroom or outbuilding. The length of its wall was about 4–5 m and part of the W wall continued on towards alvių street, where its length could not be recorded. A wattle fence discovered beside the W wall of the outbuilding marked the plot’s boundary. The N boundary of the plot was evidently marked by a fence made of poles and horizontal boards. After calculating the distances between the fences, it is possible to state that the residential home and outbuilding belonged to one plot, which was 13 m long alongside Kurpių street, which almost corresponds to the size of 16th–17th-century plots.According to Žulkus, the size of the plots was 12x12 m. The location of the residential home and outbuilding once again confirms that in the 16th century and later, urpių street was more important and alvių was a back street. A new plot was created to the W of the wattle fence. The owners dumped sand on the cultural layer of brown peaty earth that had been created there since the mid-16th century and erected a home in the second half of the 16th century. It is thought that the house was of half-timbered construction. All the buildings suffered very badly during the 1678 fire, the remains of which were discovered throughout the entire excavated area. After the fire, a brick building, which occupied 2 plots and was set back from alvių street, was built on the plot in the late 17th – early 18th century. It is thought that the current building was reconstructed after the 1854 fire and expanded in the direction of alvių and Pasiuntinių streets. During the excavation several thousand finds were collected, which still require a thorough analysis. ome of the finds date to the 19th–20th century and come from the current building’s various reconstructions. There were few 18th-century finds because in erecting the current building, the layers from this period was dug up. Most of the finds were discovered inside the residential home in the mixed layer that formed after the 1678 fire and in the earliest layer of brown peaty earth outside the boundaries of the outbuilding and residential home. The spectrum of the collected 16th– 17th-century finds is very broad: household items, the remains of human clothing, stove tiles, structural ceramics, and iron artefacts and tools.It is possible to assign the hazelnuts, walnuts, and acorns, the shells of which were discovered in the bottom layers, to a separate group of finds. A huge quantity of bone material was collected during the excavation. It is necessary to distinguish several finds, which are unique in laipėda’s archaeological material: a bronze book corner, a bronze pin, a 1510 Sigismund I the ld silver half groat, a lead spoon plated with a copper alloy, a fragment of a thin piece of antler with a woman’s figure, shards of stained window glass, and a cap made of wool felt. Ordinary iron artefacts were also found next to them Thus, the excavation supplied valuable information about the quarter’s mid-16th – 19th-century development, the construction of the buildings, and the everyday life of the city’s residents.