Sudotos archeologinio komplekso tyrimai

LT2007 m. tęsti Sudotos archeologinio paminklų komplekso (Švenčionių r., Švenčionėlių sen.) tyrimai, pradėti dar 1994 m. (žr. ATL 1994 ir 1995 metais, V., 199, p. 30–34; ATL 1996 ir 1997 metais, V., 1998, p. 45–50; ATL 1998 ir 1999 metais, V., 2000, p. 72–7; ATL 2000 metais, V., 2002, p. 21–22; ATL 2001 metais, V., 2002, p. 38–39; ATL 2002 metais, V., 2005, p. 18–19; ATL 2003 metais, V., 2005, p. 25–27; ATL 2004 metais, V., 200, p. 25–29; ATL 2005 metais, V., 200, p. 18–21; ATL 2006 metais, V., 2007, p. 50–53). Kompleksą sudaro Sudotos 2-a akmens amžiaus gyvenvietė (IP2421/A), Sudotos senovės gyvenvietė-kaimavietė (AV-2301) ir Sudotos pilkapynas IV (IP-3004/A). Tyrimai vykdyti komplekso ŠR–R dalyje, geležinkelio sankasos V pusėje, ties Žeimenos ardomu skardžiu ir mineralizuojamos geležinkelio priešgaisrinės linijos (XXVa plotas) bei kiek tolėliau į V esančioje teritorijoje tarp pilkapio 1 ir 2 (XXVI a plotai). Taigi iš viso 2007 m. buvo ištirtas apie 0 m2 dydžio plotas. Dalį tyrimų finansavo LAD pagal archeologinių vertingųjų savybių pobūdžio atskleidimo programą. Šio įvairialaikių archeologinių paminklų komplekso stratigrafija itin sudėtinga: kultūriniai horizontai slūgso vienas virš kito, jie labai paveikti gamtinių bei antropogeninių veiksnių sukeltos erozijos ir pan. Komplekso ŠR–R dalyje tirtuose plotuose susidurta su geležinkelio statybos ir eksploatacijos laikų padariniais. [...] [p. 48].

ENThe Sudota archaeological complex (Švenčionys District) consists of a Stone Age settlement, barrow cemetery, and late village site. In 2007 excavations were conducted at 2 different locations (a total area of about 0 m2 ). In one of the trenches, all of the cultural layers had been dug up during the construction of a railway in the mid-19th century. eanwhile an intense cultural layer from the Stone Age settlement, which consisted of brownish yellow sand (about 10–30 cm thick) and which was reached at a depth of 10–25 cm, was discovered in the other trench. Above it lay a 10– 20 cm thick layer of sod and dark grey soil. The sterile soil in this trench consisted of yellowish–whitish sand. The upper part of the cultural layer from the Stone Age settlement had been dug up at the investigated site during the creation of barrow mounds and eroded by later aeolian processes. A slightly arched segment of the ditch arc from barrow 2, which was up to 50 cm deep and filled with bluish grey carboniferous sand, was discovered on the E edge of the trench. About 300 flint and several stone finds were discovered. Tens of small pottery sherds and several hundred small pieces of cremated bone, the bulk of which are ascribable to the cremations in the eroded barrows and datable to the 4th–5th centuries, were also discovered. The majority of the flint finds date to the turn of the Neolithic period and are assignable to the Kunda – Narva cultures, the hand built pottery to the iddle Iron Age, and the thrown pottery to the 18th–19th centuries.In the autumn of 2007 a field survey was conducted over several hectares located to the SE – NE of the Sudota archaeological complex. During the survey, an attempt was made to correct the boundaries of the Sudota IV barrow cemetery because this part of it has been very severely damaged in building the railway, the Sariai–Švenčionėliai highway, and an electric transmission line. The remains of 2 barrows were identified approximately 80– 100 m to the NE of the current boundaries of the barrow cemetery. Both mounds had been significantly damaged during the construction of the railway and highway and a considerable portion of one mound is under the railway bed. An abundance of pieces of cremated human bones was discovered in the disturbed soil on the surface of the barrows. These newly found barrows allow one to justifiably assert that the Paduobė–Šaltaliūnė III and the Sudota IV barrow cemeteries were in their day one barrow cemetery; only their territory was artificially divided in the mid 19th–20th centuries by the railway bed and the highway. The territories between the highway and lake Sudotėlis should evidently be ascribed to the barrow cemetery since pieces of cremated human bones have been discovered in test pits excavated there at various times. Unfortunately the ground surface at this location has been reshaped through the processes of aeolian erosion and deflation and so it is possible to identify the sites of the former barrows only during a broader archaeological investigation.