Pakruojo dvaro sodybos kalvių aplinka

LTArcheologiniai žvalgomieji tyrimai Pakruojo dvaro kalvių aplinkoje vykdyti dėl projektavimo darbų, kurių metu numatyta restauruoti kalvių pastatus. Pakruojo dvaras yra už 2 km nuo Pakruojo, pakeliui į Linkuvą. Dvaro pastatų ansamblis statytas XVIII a. pabaigoje – XIX a. pradžioje. Pirmieji dvaro pastatai buvę mediniai ir iki šių dienų neišliko. Rūmai su ūkiniais pastatais sudaro bendrą kompleksą, darnų vėlyvojo klasicizmo architektūros ansamblį. Pakruojo dvaras yra vienas didžiausių dvarų Lietuvoje [p. 431].

ENPakruojis manor is 2 km outside of Pakruojis on the way to Linkuva. The manor’s building complex was built in the late 18th – early 19th century. Besides other buildings, the manor had two forges: one in a stone building on the N and one in a clay building on the S. 7 sites (a total of 36.35 m2) were excavated in the vicinity of the Pakruojis manor forges: to the S of the forge’s E door (test pit 1), by the park fence to the W of the forge’s N door (test pit 3), beside its NE corner (test pit 4), beside the fence to the E of the forge’s SE corner (test pit 5), at and around a suspected basement site in the courtyard (test pit 2), near the door at the S end of the small forge (warehouse or charcoal kiln) (test pit 7), and beside the NE corner just outside the N end of the park fence (test pit 6). They were excavated down to sterile soil: clean clay or clay loam at a depth from 35 cm (test pit 7) to 1.5 m (test pit 1).The fragments of the building walls and foundations unearthed at the excavation sites show that its N part is significantly earlier. The masonry wall here is made of unsplit, medium-sized fieldstones, worked oblong pieces of limestone, and brick inserts bound with lime mortar. No early signs of the forge’s activities (layers of charcoal) were discovered at the excavation site beside the second forge (test pit 7). A large quantity of finds (155 of which were catalogued), especially hand-forged horseshoe nails, were discovered beside the first forge. There were also many other hand-forged nails, other artefacts, and artefact fragments. The majority of the finds date to the 19th–20th centuries, but some of the discovered potsherds and glass shards from containers date to the 17th–18th centuries. These finds show that there were also buildings at the excavation site during this period. A cultural layer with charred hearth stones and sherds of early thrown pots that was found at a depth of 0.8–1.5 m in test pit 1 near the forge’s E side show that an even earlier settlement existed in the vicinity of the forge on the slope of a former small hill facing the banks of the Kruoja.