Paramėlio 2-osios senovės gyvenvietės tyrimai

LTParamėlio 2-oji senovės gyvenvietė yra apie 100 m į P nuo Katros pralaidos per kelią Krokšlis–Paramėlis, Katros P (slėnio kairiajame) krante, į V–PV nuo Paramėlio kaimo, abipus Paramėlio–Katros kelio (einančio per Baltarusijos Respublikos teritoriją). Kadaise gyvenvietė buvo įkurta tarp dviejų susikertančių rininių senslėnių buvusiame masyviame pusiasalyje. Traukiantis ledynui čia tyvuliavo prieledyninės marios, o vėlyvajame ledynmetyje ši teritorija performuota termokarstinių ir eolinių procesų, dėl kurių senslėniuose susiformavo pratekančių ežerų kaskados. Šiuo metu abu senslėniai jau užpelkėję: šiauriniu, kurio pakrantės itin karpytos, teka Katra, o pietiniame betelkšo tik keli smulkūs ežeriukai. Senovės gyvenvietės paviršius užima lėkštą smėlėtą lygumą, kuri virš upės ir gruntinio vandenų lygio iškilusi 1–3 m. Vietomis gyvenvietės paviršių paįvairina stambios iki 6 m aukščio pavienės kalvos – kopos, kurių dauguma atsekama ties senslėnių pakrantėmis ir pusiasalio smaigalyje. Vertybės plotas yra daugiau nei 16 ha dydžio [p. 22].

ENIn 2009 the investigation of the Paramėlis 2nd old settlement (South Lithuania, Varėna District), which was begun in 2002, was continued. In the investigated E and SW parts of the settlement, where border guards from both sides had dug a ditch running along the line demarcating the state border, area of 50 m2 were excavated. The following stratigraphy was observed in the trenches: on top was sod, then dark grey forest soil up to 20–30 cm thick, and below that yellowish – grey brown sand, the cultural horizon from the settlement, which was 15–40 cm thick at that location. Sterile soil, yellowish – whitish aeolian sand, was reached at a depth of approximately 40–70 cm throughout this part of the trench. Over 800 flint finds were discovered in the excavated trenches. The bulk of the flint inventory consisted of various sizes of flakes and chips while blades and blade fragments comprised only about 14 %. On the basis of the forms of the discovered cores and the preforms knapped from them, it is possible to state that both double-platform (prismatic) cores and single-platform (conical, handle) cores were used at the settlement. A large number of various artefacts were also found: tanged and flake points and microliths (insert, lancets, trapezes) for use as hunting and fishing implements, as well as tools: scrapers, burins, awls / borers, knives, special purpose artefacts, harvesting artefacts, undetermined artefact fragments, etc. In addition, several stone finds were also discovered.About 110 small sherds of hand built pottery were also discovered during the excavation. The majority of them were discovered in the bottom part of the grey forest soil. The pottery had with thin and medium thick walls with fine grained granite and sand admixtures in the clay mass. The surviving surfaces of the sherds are generally smooth, brown – reddish in colour. The people at this settlement lived through almost the entire Stone Age and the beginning of the early Bronze Age (9th – early 2nd millennium BC). This is an especially long prehistoric period and so it is particulary difficult and complicated to distinguish the separate smaller episodes of its habitation. The majority of the finds discovered during the excavation season date to the Late Paleolithic-Neolithic period and should be assigned to the Swiderian, Kunda (?), Neolithic Nemunas or Narva and early Bronze Age Iwno–Trzciniec culture.