Akmens amžiaus gyvenviečių paieška ir tyrimai Pietų bei Rytų Lietuvoje

LTŠiame straipsnyje pateikiama 2010 m. ir anksčiau autoriaus iniciatyva vykdytų archeologinių žvalgymų ir žvalgomųjų tyrimų Pietų bei Rytų Lietuvoje rezultatų dalis. Šių tyrimų metu identifikuota daug naujų archeologijos vertybių, kurios surastos ir jų teritorijos nustatytos taikant kuo mažiau destrukcinius archeologinius tyrimus bei pasitelkiant gretutinių mokslų (paleogeografijos, geomorfologijos, botanikos, dirvožemio tyrimų) teikiamus duomenis [p. 19].

ENThe article presents part of the results from the field surveys and evaluations conducted in S and E Lithuania in 2010 and before. Many new archaeological sites were identified during these investigations. They were located and their boundaries determined through the use of the least possible destructive archaeological methods and with the assistance of data provided through investigations conducted by closely related sciences (palaeogeography, geomorphology, botany, and pedology). Below is presented a more detailed description of the investigated objects. It has been proposed that these newly discovered stone age sites be included in the NKVR, but additional evaluations are needed at the newly identified findspots. Medžiuškai (lake Kretuonykštis) stone age findspot 1 (Ignalina district) is on the NW shore of a small bay (which is now a huge bog) in the NE part of the old shore of lake Kretuonykštis. The findspot occupies a roughly 70x30 m area of fallow meadow. This archaeological object should be ascribed to the non-stratified multi-period sandy site type. The findspot was identified in 1989. Over a roughly 20 year period, flint finds, including an abundance of flakes, isolated blades, and core fragments, have been found on the surface of the meadow and in the ploughed soil. Various artefacts, mostly small scrapers, have also been discovered.High quality flint was used for the production of the artefacts. After excavating two test pits, it was determined that the majority of the cultural layer had been destroyed through long ploughing, although the bottom part of several charcoally stains, which could be connected human Stone Age economic activity, were unearthed in the upper horizon of the sterile soil. Judging from the typology-technical characteristics of the flint finds, it is possible to assert that these are the remains of brief settlements. All of the flint finds date to the mesolithic, but their cultural context so far remains unclear due to a lack of investigation. The Padovinys stone age findspot (Marijampolė district) is located on a large hill that is of kame origin and is situated at somewhat of a distance from the upper terrace of the Dovinė valley. The suspected findspot occupies roughly 0.35 ha. The discovery of flint finds on this hill was reported in 2008 by Marijampolė resident, Artūras Andriūnas, who discovered isolated grey and white-bluish patinated flint finds (blades and flakes) while inspecting the crumbling slopes of an arbitrarily operated sand-gravel quarry. The illegal mining was stopped after the intervention of the KPD TP. By that time, about two thirds of the hill’s area had been dug up through the operation of the illegal quarry. In 2009, a field evaluation was conducted at the findspot in order to determine the object’s value. The chronology and cultural context of the flint finds discovered at the findspot were also evaluated. No cultural layer or archaeological finds were discovered during the investigation. Thus this findspot should not be protected as an archaeological object.Pailgis stone age settlement and village site 1 (Švenčionys district) is on a flat terrace area (3–4 terrace above the floodplain) at a former meander in the river Žeimena. The archaeological object occupies roughly 80x90 m. The stone age settlement and village site were found in 2007. An abundance of finds have been collected throughout the site, but mostly in the S part, their numbers dropping towards the N. The discovered flint finds were produced from good quality flint and have been preliminarily dated to the mesolithic-neolithic. The abundantly discovered partly thrown ceramics, some of which are decorated with a wavy band, date to the 16th-18th centuries. Panausupys stone age findspot 1 (Marijampolė district) is on a long massive peninsula jutting deeply into the Amalvas bog on the edge of lake Amalvas. The peninsula consists of a roughly 1.21x0.23 km area of fallow meadows and arable fields. This archaeological object should be ascribed to the non-stratified multi-period sandy site type. The findspot was identified in 1999. Flint finds including an abundance of flakes, blades, core fragments, and exhausted cores were discovered at various sites on the peninsula. Various artefacts: scrapers, burins, points, and microliths were also found. High quality flint was used for their production. It was noticed that the finds are concentrated on the peninsula in several zones of various sizes. Therefore it is justified to assert that there had been not one but several settlements at this findspot. The discovered flint finds date to the palaeolithic-mesolithic-neolithic period, but their cultural context remains unclear at the moment due to a lack of investigation. [...].