Zubrių neįtvirtinta gyvenvietė

LT2011 m. kasinėjimuose dalyvavo iki 30 žemkasių, todėl vienu metu buvo kasamos 2–3 perkasos. Tyrimų eigai didelę įtaką darė oro sąlygos, taip pat tuo pat metu vykę kelio statybos darbai, todėl tyrinėta iškart abiejose upės pusėse (1 pav.). Perkasos numeruotos tęstine tvarka pagal ištyrimo eigą. Tyrimai prasidėjo Mikališkių kaimo pusėje, dešiniajame Kirsnos upelio krante. Pirmiausia siekiant išsiaiškinti kultūrinio sluoksnio ypatumus, buvo padarytas pjūvis statmenai būsimam keliui-perkasa 1. Čia po 1 m storio kelio pylimui sukrauto molio sluoksniu aptiktas neintensyvus 10–30 cm storio kultūrinis sluoksnis su Jono Kazimiero (1648–1668) variniu šilingu, XVII–XIX a. buitine keramika. Šis straipsnis yra tik preliminari tyrimų apžvalga. Detalesnes išvadas ketinama padaryti turint 2012 m. tyrimų medžiagą. Pabaigus tirti viso kelio ruožą, bus surinkti ir perduoti mėginiai radiokarboniniam datavimui, taip pat atlikti grunto tyrimai. Neturint C14 metodu nustatytų datų, 2011 m. tyrimų metu aptikti radiniai datuoti preliminariai. Juos galima suskirstyti į šias pagrindines grupes: 1. I Pasaulinio karo radiniai; 2. XVII–XIX a. radiniai; 3. Geležies amžiaus radiniai; 4. Akmens amžiaus radiniai. [...]. [Iš teksto, p. 60-61, 69]

ENIn 2011, an excavation was conducted between the 50.80–52.45 kilometre marks on Highway 131 Alytus-Simnas-Kalvarija, which is within the Mikališkiai and Zubriai village limits (SW Lithuania). 41 trenches (a total of 4349 m2) were excavated, 31 (a total of 3121 m2) in Zubriai, 10 (a total of 1228 m2) in Mikališkiai. A 10–50 cm thick cultural layer with John II Casimir (1648–1668) copper shillings, a key, a thimble, 17th–19th century household pottery, a 6 x 3 m inn foundation, a stove site, and the edge of a stone paved road was discovered in trenches 1–3 on the right bank of the Kirsna in Mikališkiai. The site of an iron age unenclosed settlement was broadly excavated on the left bank of the Kirsna in Zubriai. A 20–70 cm thick cultural layer with sherds of hand built pottery, clay daub, and 38 storage pits and fire sites was discovered in it. Above it was found a stone paved road ditch, 17th–19th century ceramics, a horseshoe, a belt buckle, and four John II Casimir copper shillings. A 3x2 m irregular rectangular pit with rounded corners that was full of small pieces of charcoal and clay daub (193 kg being collected) was unearthed at a depth of 40 cm in trench 38. The clay daub concentration attests to the existence of two farmsteads but no postholes were discovered in the excavated area.The 8670 discovered finds can be divided into four main groups: 1. First World War finds; 2. 17th–19th century finds; 3. Iron age finds; and 4. Stone age finds. The first group includes almost 600 bullets, cartridges, and casings, 70 pieces of shrapnel, 150 metal fragments, 2 daggers, a rifle bolt, and a German helmet (Pickelhaube) spike. The 17th–19th century finds include horseshoes, iron tools and tool pieces, a key, a medallion, over ten 17th-19th century coins, rings, a pipe head, hand-forged nails, and about 1000 sherds of hand thrown pottery. The finds from the iron age unenclosed settlement include a spindle whorl, a coil ring, a ceramic anthropomorphic vessel handle, and 10 102 sherds of hand built pottery with a total weight of 98.8 kg (8007 sherds being registered) that date to the 1st millennium bc early 2nd millennium ad. The bulk of them (about 7000 sherds) consist of small and medium-sized sherds with rough surfaces. Sherds of hand built pottery with smooth and burnished surfaces were discovered less frequently. Sherds decorated with incised designs were rare. The bulk of the Iron Age finds consisted of clay daub, the 21 000 collected fragments having a total weight of 292 kg.The Stone Age find group consists of flint artefacts discovered in the cultural layer from an Iron Age unenclosed settlement. A total of 540 finds were registered: 318 flakes, 76 blades, 43 knapped pieces of raw material, 20 cores and core fragments, 19 burins, 18 scrapers, 15 special purpose finds, 12 chips, 5 artefact fragments, 4 microliths or bladelets, 4 chisels, 2 points, 1 microburin, an artefact with a transversely retouched end, a pseudobiface, and part of a small axe. These are divided into three periods: the Final Palaeolithic, the first half of the mesolithic (Kunda culture), and the late neolithic. This article is of a preliminary nature as the excavation of the settlement was continued in 2012. [From the publication]