Tyrimai Merkinėje

LT2012 m. atlikti archeologiniai tyrimai Merkinės miestelio (Varėnos r.) 5 vietose. Visi tirtieji objektai patenka į Merkinės senojo miesto vietos (UK 3680) teritoriją. S. Dariaus ir S. Girėno aikštėje 1 archeologiniai tyrimai vykdyti teritorijoje prie cerkvės. Pastate, kuriame ilgą laiką buvo Merkinės muziejus, rekonstrukcijos metu buvo įrengti požeminiai inžineriniai tinklai. 2012 m. tyrimų metu nustatyta, kad kultūrinio sluoksnio storis siekia 1,15–1,65 m, įžemis pasiektas 1,15–1,2 m gylyje. Ankstyviausi šioje vietoje susiformavę kultūrinio sluoksnio horizontai-pilkos spalvos suplauto smėlio sluoksnis, degėsių sluoksnelis, pilkos, tamsiai pilkos spalvos smėlingos žemės sluoksniai-datuojami XVI a. pradžia. Šurfo P dalyje tirtas ištisinis 25–40 cm storio juodos žemės su griuvenomis kultūrinio sluoksnio horizontas. Jo viršutinė dalis atkasta 60–65 cm gylyje nuo žemės paviršiaus. Sluoksnis preliminariai datuojamas XVI–XVIII a. Virš šio sluoksnio tirti fragmentiški maišyto molio sluoksniai, o virš šių-XIX a. griaunant rotušę suformuotas griuvenų su kalkių skiedinio gabaliukais, perdegusiais akmenimis, kitais gaisro pėdsakais sluoksnis. 2012 m. pratęsti 2011 m. pradėti (žr. ATL 2011 metais, V., 2012, p. 414–416) archeologiniai tyrimai Gardino g. 1. Čia buvusioje XVII a. pradžioje įsteigto Merkinės dominikonų vienuolyno teritorijoje buvo atliekami žemės darbai, susiję su viešojo tualeto statyba ir jo pajungimu prie miestelio inžinerinių tinklų. Tyrimų metu S. Dariaus ir S. Girėno aikštė 1, Gardino g. 1 surinkti radiniai perduoti AKM, Nemunaičio ir Seinų gatvėse-LNM. [...] [p. 410-411, 414, 419].

ENIn 2012, five excavations were conducted in the town of Merkinė (Varėna district, S Lithuania). An excavation (47 m2) was conducted near the Orthodox church at S. Dariaus ir S. Girėno sq. 1. The masonry church was built in 1888 in the central part of the town at the site of the Merkinė town hall, which was tion and the basement of the tower that stood near the town hall’s N façade was discovered and later restored. During the 2012 excavation, it was determined that 19th century earthwork had badly damaged the foundation of the town hall building, the building’s N wall to the W of the tower probably being completely demolished. Only small fragments of partition walls, the paving inside the building, and a small fragment of the S wall of the town hall building have survived. A steel anvil, metal smelting related finds, sherds of household pottery, stove tile fragments, etc. were discovered inside the building. In investigating the site of the former market square near the town hall, it was determined that the square’s surface was redone in the 19th or early 20th century. The ground in the area to the S of the church had been dug up and it was fill to the W of the church. The square was paved with stone. Under the paving redone in the 19th–20th century, several cultural layer horizons, the earliest of which dates to the 16th century and richest should be dated to the second half of the 17th–19th centuries, were distinguished in the W part of S. Dariaus ir S. Girėno (formerly Rotušės and Turgaus) square.A smaller scale excavation (7.5 m2) was conducted at Gardino st. 1 on the grounds of the former Dominican monastery that was foun ded in the early 17th century. Wall fragments of suspected monastery buildings were discovered in the investigation, which was begun in 2011. In 2012 the excavation was also continued at Vilniaus st. 1 near the Merkinė cultural centre building which is being reconstructed. During an excavation (7 m2) on a plot on Nemunaičio street to the NW of the town hall and at a somewhat greater distance from the town’s centre, it was determined that that the cultural layer at this site was from 1.6 m to over 2.5 m thick. Based on the finds, the cultural layer’s earliest horizon dates to the 15th early 16th century and is connected with metal processing. A 19th century basement of a building that stood near the street was discovered. An excavation was conducted at the site of stairs and a car park, which are being built on a slope near the river Nemunas between J. Bakšio and Seinų streets and to the W of Merkinė hillfort at the confluence of the rivers Nemunas and Merkys. A small number of finds, which probably found their way into the excavated area through the erosion of the cultural layer, were collected. A fragment of stone paving dating to the 19th early 20th century was discovered at the site of a square created near Seinų street.