Žvalgomieji tyrimai ir žvalgymai Vilniuje

LT2013 m. daugybėje objektų saugomose Vilniaus miesto teritorijose vyko nedidelės apimties žvalgomieji tyrimai ir žvalgymai. Daugelio tirtų vietų tyrimų rezultatai nesuteikė naujų duomenų apie archeologinę situaciją vienoje ar kitoje Vilniaus vietoje. Duomenys apie juos pateikiami šio leidinio pabaigoje, mažai informatyvių archeologinių tyrimų lentelėje. Šiame straipsnelyje apžvelgiami rezultatyvūs tyrimai keliuose į Vilniaus senojo miesto vietos su priemiesčiais (UK 25504) teritoriją patenkančiuose objektuose. [...] [p. 355].

ENIn 2013, evaluations yielded results at five Vilnius sites. One was the new underground utility lines being laid to the garage under reconstruction at Jogailos st. 11A. Two test pits (a total of 4.5 m2 ) were excavated at the site of the planned utility lines and the earthwork was later monitored. It was determined that valuable 17th century cultural layer horizons lie at least 70–80 cm from the present−day ground’s surface. The cultural layer at the site of test pit 1 in the courtyard of the E building at Jogailos st. 11A is at least 3 m deep. The cultural layer in test pit 2 at the NE corner of the garage at Jogailos st. 11A was from 1.1 m to over 1.5 m thick. The earliest finds discovered in these date to the second half late 16th century. The monitoring conducted in a 30.5 m2 area during the digging of the power line trenches and the water line trench did not yield any new data about the archaeological situation at this Vilnius site. A small−scale excavation was conducted on the plot at Pylimo St. 50, which is near the city’s defensive wall and the remains of the Rūdininkai gate. This gate, erected in the first quarter of the 16th century together with the city’s defensive wall, is important in that the king of the Commonwealth of the Two Nations and his entourage arrived in the city through it and his solemn reception occurred at this site. The gate’s remains were excavated in 1992 and some of the structure’s parameters determined. During 1998–1999, excavations were conducted outside of the surviving authentic defensive wall, on the side of the plot at Pylimo st. 50 and in 2007 on the plot at Pylimo st. 52 and beside the remains of the defensive wall.During a 2013 field evaluation two test pits were excavated. A fragment of a brick floor was discovered in one of them. This floor probably belonged to one of the buildings of the Carmelite convent (founded in the first half of the 17th century) that stood at this site and probably burnt down later. This convent’s construction layer can be observed at a depth of 70–80 cm from the present−day ground’s surface. An evaluation (three test pits, a total of 6 m2) was conducted on the plot at Polocko st. 6 in the Vilnius suburb of Užupis in connection with laying power cables. The earliest discovered finds and the cultural layer horizons date to the 15th or early 16th centuries. It was determined that part of the plot’s terrain was artificially raised in the second half of the 20th century and that thick 19th–20th centuries cultural layer horizons had formed. The cultural layer in the investigated part of the plot was 1–1.6 m thick, being much thicker at the sites of storage pits or other terrain formations. An investigation was conducted at a planned construction work site in the late 19th early 20th centuries production block in the NE part of the building complex at A. Strazdelio st. 1, a historical suburb of Vilnius. Three test pits were excavated and a survey was conducted in a 7.5 m2 area. It was determined that the cultural layer in the investigated area is 1.35–2.1 m thick, while the layer in the parts of the plot where no investigation was conducted is probably thicker. A 60 cm thick clay layer of artificial origin lies in the lower part of the cultural layer, above the sandy, gravelly sterile soil.It is likely to be connected with the remains of the suspected defensive fortifications identified in 2007 in the plot to the E of this plot, although the origin of this layer recorded in a large area might be different, for example, this could have been the site of a pottery factory. Above the clay layer was recorded a natural (formed by wind or water action) or artificial sand layer and above this, a cultural layer horizon with 16th–17th centuries finds that was partially destroyed by later production activities. An evaluation was conducted at a planned power line site on the plot at Subačiaus St. 8. From earlier nearby investigations, it is known that the Subačiaus Street region was already inhabited in the late 14th century. In historical 18th first half of the 19th centuries plans, the area under investigation is portrayed as sparsely populated, but that probably does not reflect the situation that existed during the First Northern War, when Vilnius was devastated during 1655–1661 by a joint Muscovite−Cossack army. The so called von Fürstenhoff plan of Vilnius dating to 1737–1740 shows that the investigated area was part of the large grounds of the Duninas family palace. A long, narrow building, the palace, existed on Subačiaus Street and another building in the plot’s depths. The 1808 Vilnius plan shows possession 31 to be distinguished from the palace’s former holdings. The plot was almost entirely undeveloped, only a wooden rectangular building being portrayed near Subačiaus Street. Almost the same situation is recorded in the 1845 Vilnius plan, which shows several wooden homes on the plot. The current buildings at Subačiaus st. 8, which were erected in the early 20th century, are protected by the state. [...].