Pranciškonų gatvė 4A

LTPastatas Pranciškonų g. 4A Vilniaus senamiestyje yra sandėlio tipo statinys, kurį numatoma rekonstruoti ir jame įrengti butus bei komercinės paskirties patalpas. 2015 m. birželio–spalio mėnesiais šiame pastate buvo atlikti detalieji tyrimai. Tyrimų tikslas buvo visiškai ištirti pastato viduje susidariusį kultūrinį sluoksnį, nustatyti jo chronologiją, surinkti duomenis apie šioje vietoje anksčiau buvusį užstatymą bei, bendradarbiaujant su architektais, nustatyti dabar stovinčio pastato amžių ir jo raidos etapus. Archeologiniai ir architektūros tyrimai parodė, kad pastatas Pranciškonų g. 4A statytas keliais etapais. Seniausia pastato dalis datuojama XVII a. viduriu, vėliausia-XVIII–XIX a. sandūra. Kultūrinio sluoksnio tyrimai ir istoriniai duomenys atskleidė, kad ši miesto dalis nuo XIV a. buvo apgyvendinta amatininkų, o XVI–XVII a. šioje vietoje rezidencijas pasistatė Vilniaus didikai. Ilgą ir turtingą šios vietos istoriją papildė ir nemaža archeologinių radinių kolekcija. [...] [p. 376, 383].

ENIn 2015, an excavation (a total of 245 m2 ) was conducted inside the building at Pranciškonų st. 4A in Vilnius old town. The building has five separate rooms. A cultural layer over 2 m thick had formed in all of the rooms. 70 diverse objects were registered: pits, postholes, ditches, etc., the oldest of which date to the 14th century. An unearthed late 14th century storage pit contained two silver coins, bronze fittings, an earring hoop, a long iron knife with a bent over tang end, and other domestic and production waste. The nature of the waste shows that craftsmen, who engaged in metalworking and bone ware production, lived at this location in the second half of the 14th century. The remains of a 14th century building were found nearby. A wall separated the privately owned plots from the masonry buildings erected on the neighbouring plots in the first half of the 16th century. Early 16th century coins were found in the foundation pits. Three 16th century storage pits were found beside the wall. Large quantities of household pottery, including completely intact vessels, were found in the pits. Fill cultural layers, which contained large quantities of Renaissance stove tiles and glazed floor tiles were discovered in rooms 3 and 5. Some of the stove tiles were covered with a dark blue glaze. A cluster of rarely encountered green glazed Renaissance stove tiles, which had belonged to a single stove, was found in the late 16th century layer in room 5. Imported pottery: fragments of a stoneware pitcher with a bearded face and an inscription were also found. The remains of two wooden buildings dating to the first half of the 17th century were discovered during the investigation. The remains of a 6 x 5 m wooden building were unearthed in room 3. A stove stood in a corner of the building. Around it was a hardpacked clay floor, above which a fragment of a brick floor had survived.The distillery mentioned in the inventories could have operated in the building. A corner from another building was found in room 5. The brick floor in the corner descended towards the building’s centre. Beside the floor was a channel made of brick and mortar and at its end was a pit to collect waste water. One of the saunas mentioned in the inventory could have existed in this room. Near the firewall, a 19x7.5 m masonry building is being erected at the site of mid 17th century wooden buildings. Armorial stove tiles belonging to the plot’s owners: M. Glebovičius and M. Oginskis were found in the rubble fill layers beside the building. A two room masonry addition on an arched foundation (rooms 1 and 2) was attached to the building in the early 18th century. The 18th century cultural layer contained a large quantity of imported pottery: Chinese porcelain, Western European majolica and faience tableware, and kaolin pipes. Fragments of a pitcher with a human face were found. At the turn of the 19th century a façade wall was erected in room 5. Sandstone blocks from the Royal Palace were used in its construction. Among them was a frieze block with the coat of arms of Sigismund III Vasa. Interesting finds connected with the 1812 invasion of Russia were found in the upper cultural layer horizons: Military tunic buttons from the Grande Armée and a ring with a cornelian setting and an imitation Arabic inscription. The archaeological and architectural investigations showed that the building at Pranciškonų st. 4A had been erected in several stages. The oldest part of the building dates to the mid 17th century, the latest to the turn of the 19th century. The investigation of the cultural layer and the historical data revealed that this part of the city had been the home of craftsmen but in the 16th-17th centuries Vilnius magnates had built their residences at this site.