Vilniaus Dievo Motinos Ėmimo į Dangų soboro šventorius

LT2016 m. vykdyti detalieji tyrimai Vilniuje, Išganytojo, Bokšto gatvių rekonstrukcijų vietose bei Maironio gatvės sklype 14 prie Vilniaus Dievo Motinos Ėmimo į Dangų soboro. Bendrai ištirta 12 2x2 m dydžio šurfų (bendro 48 m2 ploto) bei 16 įvairaus dydžio perkasų (bendro maždaug 1100 m2 dydžio). Iš viso 2016 m. tyrimų metu surasti bei inventorinti 1965 radiniai. Daugiausia tai XVI–XVIII a. buitinės ir statybinės keramikos, būdingos Vilniaus senamiesčio kultūriniams sluoksniams, šukės: neglazūruoti bei žalia, ruda ar geltona glazūra dengti indai-puodai, puodynės, gertuvės, dubenys, lėkštės, keptuvės ir t. t., bei dubeninių, plokštinių, karnizinių koklių, dengtų žalia arba polichromine glazūra, fragmentai. Taip pat rasta XVII–XX a. monetų. Verta paminėti, jog Maironio g. 14, sluoksnyje prie kapų surastas vario lydinio vėrinio kryželis, kuris pagal E. Svetiko klasifikaciją priskiriamas III tipui ir yra datuojamas XIV a. pabaiga-XV a. I puse, bei vario lydinio stačiatikių enkolpionas. Ieškant jo analogų literatūroje, pavyko rasti labai panašų (analogišką?) variantą 2009 m. išleistame kataloge (Начитайло В. В., Начитайло А. В., Каталог Энколпионов Древней Руси XI–XIV ст., Киев, 2009, c. 78). Deja, tikslus datavimas jame nenurodytas, tik paminėta, jog dauguma šio tipo enkolpionų datuojami XIII–XV a. Kadangi tyrimai bus tęsiami ir 2017 m., visi radiniai vis dar saugomi KVP patalpose. Jie, atlikus tyrimus, bus perduoti LNM [p. 253, 256].

ENIn 2016, roughly 1148 m2 were excavated on Išganytojo and Bokšto streets and the plot at Maironio st. 14, Vilnius. Natural soil was reached in the central and S parts of Išganytojo street at a depth of 50–60 cm. Above it lay a 19th century layer. In addition, the remains of a 17th century foundation were discovered at this location. The remains of another foundation were discovered at the intersection of Išganytojo and Maironio Streets and may belong to the defensive wall’s Išganytojo Gate. The remains of a 19th century building and contemporary cobble paving were found at Maironio st. 14. 15th–16th century human remains were unearthed at a depth of 3.3 m. A total of 52 single burials were excavated and isolated bones belonging to at least 198 individuals collected. The individuals had been interred supine, in wooden coffins, with their heads to the NW or W. In addition, the remains of the Vilnius city defensive wall and a pit containing chaotic human bones were unearthed to the SE of the Orthodox Cathedral of the Assumption.A mixed layer that contained isolated human bones was recorded at a depth of 1 m in the Bokšto street segment between Latako and Išganytojo streets. Two large stones with possible signs of human modification that were discovered during the excavation of a second half of the 19th century collector at the intersection of Bokšto and Latako streets were given to the LNM. Mixed layers that date to the second half of the 20th early 21st centuries and contain rarely encountered narrow strips of undisturbed layers were recorded in the remaining parts of Bokšto street. The remains of an 18th century foundation were found to the E of the present-day building at Bokšto st. 7. In all, 1965 finds were discovered in 2016, mostly sherds of 16th–18th century structural ceramics and household pottery and 17th–20th century coins. A late 14th first half of the 15th century copper alloy suspended cross and a 13th–15th century copper alloy Orthodox encolpion were found near the burials in the layer at Maironio st. 14.