ENThis article aims to present the issues related to the situation of the Polish language in the Vilnius Region, discussed in the “Przegląd Wileński” in the years 1921–1938. The conducted analysis showed that the weekly devoted a lot of space to issues related to the use of Polish as the mother tongue, especially in relation to the national identity of the inhabitants of the Vilnius Region. The issues related to the correctness of the Polish language used in the Vilnius Region were discussed, and articles about the Vilnius dialect and texts imitating this language variety were also published. The topics related to proper names were undertaken, especially surnames and place names. Keywords: Poles in the Vilnius Region, Polish interwar press, weekly “Przegląd Wileński”, the Polish language, linguistic correctness, Vilnius dialect, proper names.