Investicinio patrauklumo aspektai Lietuvoje, Latvijoje, Estijoje

LTŠalies patrauklumas investuotojams – dažnai svarstomas klausimas žiniasklaidoje, mokslinėje ir praktinėje literatūroje bei politikų kalbose. Dažniausiai minimos užsienio investicijos, įmonių skaičius bei kiti statistiniai rodikliai. Tačiau mažai diskutuojama apie investicinio patrauklumo aspektus, investicinį patrauklumą suponuojančius statistinius rodiklius. Taigi investicinio patrauklumo aspektai – aktuali ir mažai nagrinėta sritis, reikalaujanti mokslinių tyrimų, apibendrinimų ir sąsajų su statistiniai rodikliais. Straipsnio objektas – investicinio patrauklumo aspektai (investicinio patrauklumo kūrimo ciklas, makroekonominių investicinio patrauklumo rodikliai, socialiniai investicinio patrauklumo rodikliai). Lietuvoje, Latvijoje ir Estijoje. Tyrimo tikslas – moksliniais metodais identifikuoti investicinio patrauklumo kaip ekonomikos reiškinio elementus, svarbius Lietuvai, Latvijai, Estijai, pagrįsti investicinio patrauklumo rodiklių grupes. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti mokslinius investicinio patrauklumo šaltinius. 2. Identifikuoti investicinio patrauklumo proceso elementus, svarbius Lietuvai, Latvijai, Estijai. 3. Atlikti investicinį patrauklumą nurodančių rodiklių analizę pasirinktoms valstybėms. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, tyrimo duomenų analizė panaudojant matematinės statistikos metodus [Iš Įvado].

ENThe article analyses investment attractiveness application to Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia according to theoretical literature, official documents, statistical data calculations and analysis. The tasks of the scientific research problems are the following: to analyse theoretical literature covering investment attractiveness, to identify important elements of the investment attractiveness process for Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and to carry out analysis of statistical indices important for the chosen countries. Scientific literature analysis, analysis of indices employing mathematical statistical methods to calculate changes of percent, graphical representation data have been used. The concept of investment attractiveness has been discussed in order to distinguish important elements of the investment attractiveness process typical for Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. There has been stated that elements of the investment attractiveness process are: indices of regional statistical departments, data of “Eurostat”, statistical analysis, forecasts of the chosen indices and the feedback.The analysis of macroeconomic investment attractiveness indices (gross domestic product, total investments and inflation) for the period of 2005-2009 has shown greatest positive and negative fluctuations in Latvia. It is claimed that investment climate of Lithuania and Latvia possesses strong correlation with the Western markets, while strong economy and stronger relations with Scandinavian markets are features of Estonia. The social investment attractiveness indices covered population number, unemployment level and employment level analysis for 2005-2009. The results disclosed the greatest decrease rates un Lithuania, Latvia, the smaller ones – in Estonia. In conclusion, it is stated that Estonia has the relatively stronger investment attractiveness potential as in comparison to Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia due to its comparatively stable macroeconomic and social policy. While continuing the research, it is expedient to create groups of macroeconomic investment attractiveness indices and social macroeconomic indices, which will allow to form positive investment climate for foreign investors. The aspects discussed in the article could be useful for scientists, politicians interested in creation of positive investment climate in the Baltic countries.