2020 m. žvalgymai tiesiamo dujotiekio trasoje

LT2020–2021 m. vykdyti gamtinių dujų jungties, sujungusios Lenkiją bei Lietuvą, o kartu ir Baltijos šalių bei Suomijos gamtinių dujų perdavimo sistemas su Europos Sąjungos sistema, statybos darbai (toliau – LLDJ). Lietuvoje šis dujotiekis driekiasi nuo Jauniūnų dujų kompresorių stoties Širvintų rajone (Jauniūnų sen.) iki Holovčycės dujų kompresorių stoties Lenkijos pusėje (Mazovijos vaivadija, Losicės apskritis, Sarnakų valsčius). Tai išskirtinis geopolitinis projektas, labai svarbus nacionaliniam saugumui ir energetiniam savarankiškumui. Dujotiekis Lietuvoje 165 km ilgio. Darbus organizavo Lietuvos gamtinių dujų perdavimo sistemos operatorius AB „Amber Grid“. Dar 2014 m. M. Bertašiaus vadovaujama archeologų grupė parinktoje LLDJ 165 km ilgio trasoje ir jos 250 m pločio koridoriuje atliko istorinius tyrimus ir archeologinius žvalgymus. Remiantis šiais tyrimais parengta pažyma, o žvalgomųjų tyrimų ataskaita KPD iki šiol oficialiai neįteikta. Tuomet žvalgymų trasos zonoje ir jos artimoje aplinkoje nustatyta 111 objektų, turinčių paveldo vertingųjų savybių požymių, 67 potencialūs paveldo objektai, kuriems galimas trumpalaikis neigiamas poveikis. [...] [p. 579].

ENAB Amber Grid implemented the GIPL construction works in Lithuania in 2020–2021. The entire length of the gas pipeline in Lithuania is 165 km. Three major archaeological research institutions (VU, LII, and KU) and two private archaeology companies (KPIP and KVP) singed a joint activity agreement in 2018 to conduct archaeological investigations in the construction area. The agreement outlined the scope of investigation, assigned specific areas, and set a standard for the working methods. Visual survey and metal detector sweeps were performed initially upon the removal of topsoil along the gas pipeline path, followed by the observation of mechanized earthworks. In 2020, construction works took place along the GIPL’s 102-km-long eastern segment, located between Jauniūnai (Širvintos district) and Panemuninkai (Alytus district). Surveys in an E–W direction were carried out in 23 km increments by: KVP (Širvintos, Vilnius, and Elektrėnai municipalities); LII (Elektrėnai municipality; Kaišiadorys district – see separate report on p. 593–600); KU (Kaišiadorys district); KPIP (Kaišiadorys, Prienai, and Alytus districts, and Birštonas municipality); and VU (a 9 km section in Alytus district) (Fig. 1). Archaeological sites containing occupational layers or burials identified over the course of the survey were explored further by separate expeditions, and their data are presented in this book as individual reports. KVP’s survey area contained few finds (Figs. 3, 4), mostly dating to the 19th and 20th centuries, along with features of the same period and some that were entirely natural in origin. The two unfortified settlements discovered at Diržonys were investigated separately. In its section, KU identified 18 archaeological sites, 10 of which were investigated by separate expeditions (3 were previously known and 7 were discovered upon the removal of topsoil).The following sites were investigated as separate features (pits): remnants of Iron Age settlements in Buivydonys; the potential location of burial mounds in Vilūnai; medieval-early modern homesteads in Kairiškėlės (2 homesteads), Saulučiai, and Šventininkai; and state-period production sites in Buivydonys and Adomėliai. Hand-built and wheelthrown pottery made up the majority of finds. KPIP identified 26 sites or features with the presence of archaeological artefacts: Final Palaeolothic–Neolithic settlements in the area around Kašonys and Vėžionys villages; 8th–11th century domestic production sites at Verbyliškės and Kurmoniškės; the remnants of a 14th–15th century tar processing pit and the location of two buildings in Jakniškės; and traces of a 16th–17th century village in Lankakiemis. The Vilūnai II unfortified settlement, Būda and Slabada Stone Age settlements, and the ancient Grikapėdis settlement were identified over the course of the survey and investigated separately. VU’s section contained random finds dating to the Stone Age and the historical period. An Early Iron Age site containing early fine-rusticated pottery and flint flakes was discovered in Karvelininkai village. A total of 34 previously unknown archaeological sites from different periods were identified during the survey. The total area of comprehensive excavation conducted along the path of the gas pipeline path (section width from 8 m to 10–14 m) was 22881.61 m2.