Psichikos higienos palaikymas COVID-19 laikotarpiu, kaip medicinos personalo kokybiško gyvenimo būdo prielaida

LTŠiuo straipsniu akcentuojamas sveikatos priežiūros specialistų poreikis didinti pagalbos formų įvairovę, siekiant palaikyti psichikos sveikatą, mažinti stigmą. Medicinos personalo profesija skatina rūpintis kitų asmenų gerove. Per tam tikrą laiką teigiamų emocijų ištekliai išsenka ir medikų organizmas tampa neatsparus stresui. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiami interviu fragmentai, atvejų pavyzdžiai puikiai iliustruoja medicinos personalo gyvenimo būdo kokybę COVID-19 laikotarpiu. Jei tokia būsena tęsiasi ilgai, galimas visiškas fizinės ir psichikos sveikatos išsekimas, o tai veikia asmens motyvaciją, požiūrį į sveikatą, darbą, santykius, gyvenimą ir lemia atitinkamą elgesį. Išankstinė neigiama nuostata dėl psichikos sveikatos stiprinimo, gerinimo neigiamai veikia sveikatą, gali lemti savižudybę. Atkreiptinas dėmesys, kad savižudybės rizikos dažnis tarp gydytojų yra dukart didesnis nei bendrojoje populiacijoje. Akcentuojama medicinos personalo psichikos higienos palaikymo svarba COVID-19 laikotarpiu, kaip kokybiško gyvenimo būdo prielaida. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: psichikos higiena, sveikata, nerimas, depresija, stresas, biologinis grįžtamasis ryšys, psichosocialinis atsparumas, perdegimo sindromas. [Iš leidinio]

ENPeople whose occupation requires them to care for the well-being of others deplete their resources of positive emotions over time. Their bodies become unresponsive and unable to resist stress. If this state persists for a long time, it can lead to the complete exhaustion of physical and mental strength (Schaufeli, Enzmann, 1998), which affects motivation, attitudes and behaviour in relation to many things, such as health. Pre-existing negative attitudes towards mental health have had a negative impact on health and have led to suicide. It should be noted that the suicide risk rate among doctors is twice as high as in the general population. The average prevalence of depression among doctors is 29%, the prevalence of burn-out is about 52%, and between 10% and 12% of doctors develop addictions. The medical profession demands concern for the well-being of others. Resources of positive emotions are exhausted over time. The body becomes susceptible to stress. The interview extracts and case studies presented in this article illustrate well the quality of life of medical staff in the Covid-19 period. If this state persists for a long time, it can lead to the complete exhaustion of physical and mental health, which affects the motivation, attitude and behaviour towards health, work, relationships, and life. Pre-existing negative attitudes towards the promotion and improvement of mental health have a negative impact on health and lead to suicide. This article highlights the importance of maintaining the mental hygiene of medical staff in the Covid-19 period as a prerequisite for a quality lifestyle. The object of the article is the maintenance of the mental hygiene of medical staff as a prerequisite for a quality lifestyle in the Covid-19 period.The aim of the article is to highlight the importance of maintaining mental hygiene in the Covid-19 period as a prerequisite for a quality lifestyle of medical staff. The tasks of the article: 1) to identify the bio-psychosocial difficulties experienced by medical personnel in the Covid-19 period; 2) to show the importance of a quality lifestyle for medical staff as a prerequisite for Covid-19; 3) to carry out an analysis of the data collected. Methods used: theoretical analysis of literature, analysis of scientific literature to show the importance of mental hygiene for medical staff in the Covid-19 period as a prerequisite for a quality lifestyle; unstructured interviews to assess and reveal the difficulties experienced by medical staff in the Covid-19 period; case studies to provide a detailed analysis of the mental health of medical staff and patients. The research methods chosen help to assess and reveal the relevance of the problem from different angles. Covid-19 ‘imprisonment’ puts at risk physiological, security, social, respect and self-actualisation needs, i.e. life. The impact on individuals or society includes: reduced mobility, unemployment, loss of shelter, an uncertain future, extremely limited access to loved ones, and the uncertainty of self-fulfilment (Ryan, Coppola, Canyon et al., 2020). The inevitable disruption of these basic needs poses a psychological threat, leading to psychopathy (Maslow, 1943). Burn-out syndrome is a psychological syndrome as a specific response to prolonged work-related stress, with three components: exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced performance. Exhaustion includes the depletion of emotional and physical resources, while depersonalisation, or cynicism, manifests itself as an indifferent attitude towards the patient or the work (Šileikaitė, 2020).In an attempt to compensate for the depleted energy, social losses and discomfort experienced, a person slips into alcoholism, psychotropic drugs and narcotic substances, which is likely to lead to psychosomatic disorders and suicide. Vydun’s philosophy of health is an acceptable philosophy to follow in the current Covid-19 pandemic period: focus on mental hygiene education at a young age, with a view to achieving a quality and stress-resistant workforce; and engage in activities (physical and mental) that promote the development of psycho-social resilience to stress. The VERIM GSR biofeedback therapy method is a suitable complementary psycho-diagnostic tool to assess activation relaxation. This article concludes that the ‘imprisonment’ of Covid-19 puts at risk physiological, security, social, respect and self-fulfilment needs. Recommendations for mental hygiene interventions for medical staff are: allowing oneself to feel; recognising which stressors are controllable and which are not; not losing social contact; taking time off for oneself and one’s hobbies; taking care of one’s physical health; taking care of one’s emotional health; focusing on mental hygiene education at a young age with a view to achieving a quality and stress-resistant workforce; engaging in activities (physical and mental) that promote the development of psycho-social resilience to stress. The VERIM GSR biofeedback therapy method is a suitable complementary psycho-diagnostic tool to assess activation relaxation. Dismantling the charts of the psycho-diagnostic assessment of activation relaxation in patients using the VERIM GSR therapy method is a visual tool to make the psychological interview/consultation more effective. [...] Keywords: mental hygiene, health, anxiety, depression, stress, biofeedback, psycho-social resilience, burn-out syndrome. [From the publication]